John Maynard Keynes
John Maynard Keynes | |
|---|---|
 Si Keynes nen 1933 | |
| Inianak |
5 Hunyo 1883 Cambridge, England |
| Inatey |
21 Abril 1946 (edad 62) Tilton, near Firle in Sussex, England |
| Edukasyon | |
| Asawa | Lydia Lopokova (k. 1925) |
| Saray atateng |
|
Si John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes , (5 Hunyo 1883 - 21 Abril 1946) et sakey ya Ingles a ekonomista tan pilosopo ya anguman na saray ideya to so teorya tan kagagawa na makroekonomya tan saray ekonomya ya politika na saray gobierno. Diad gapo et inaral toy matematika, inusar to tan pinaaligwas to so datin kimey to nipaakar ed saray rason na saray business cycle.[1] Sakey ed saray sankaimpluensyaan ya economist na koma-20 a siglo,[2][3][4] impagawa to iray insulat to ya angiletneg ed eskuelaan na kanonotan ya kabkabat bilang Keynesian economics, tan saray nanduruman branch to. Saray ideya to, ya inimbento bilang New Keynesianism, et manunan kabiangan na mainstream a makroekonomya.[5]
Nen 1902, sikatoy akapasakop ed programa na matematika ed King's College diad University of Cambridge. Nen Great Depression nen 1930, inmunan ginmapon nan-revolusyon si Keynes ed panmoria ed ekonomya, ya inebatan to ray ideya na neoklasikal ya ekonomya ya ibabaga ran say libre iran merkado et maslak ya mangiter na full employment anggano maligen iray trabahador ed saray labay dan sueldo. Inkuan to ya say aggregate demand (total ya gastos ed ekonomiya) so mangiter na determinasyon ed inkalapagan ya aktibidad na ekonomiya, tan no anggapoy agregadon demanda et nayarin mangitonton ed andukey iran periodyo na atagey ya inkaandi na trabaho, tan lapud saray sueldo tan gastos na trabaho et malet ya onkalkalkalbo, ag-itan automaticamente onaligwas ed sigpot ya employment.[6] Inrekomenda nen Keynes so pangusar na saray fiscal tan monetaryo ya polisiya pian nabawasan iray negatibon epekto na economic recessions tan depressions. Impasakbay to irayan ideya diad magnum opus to, ''The General Theory of Employment'', ''Interest and Money'', ya im-publish nen kaunoran na 1936. Nen sampot na dekada na 1930, saray manunan ekonomya ed sagur et ginapoan day mangawat ed saray rekomendasyon nen Keynes. Ngalngali amin ya kapitalista ya gobierno so nanggawa na satan diad sampot na duay dekada kayari impatey nen Keynes nen 1946. Bilang lider na Britanyo ya delegasyon, akapibiang si Keynes ed panagdesinyo na saray internasyonal ya ekonomikon institusyon ya inletneg kayari na World War II balet ag-inmatendi na American delegation diad pigaran aspekto.
Nen dekada 1970, nan-aandi so impluensya nen Keynes, lapud impan-stagflation na Anglo-American economy nen saman, tan lapud impakritikad saray politika nen Milton Friedman tan arum nin monetarista so politika nen Keynesian, ya impasegsegang da so abilidad na gobierno ya manegulo ed siklo na negosyo panamegley na fiscal policy.[7] Lapud impakaarap na global financial ya krisis nen 2007-2008 et walay pinmawil ya kanonotan na Keynesyano. Say economics na Keynesyano so angiter na teorikon base ed saray ekonomikon policy ya ginawa nen Presidente Barack Obama na Estados Unidos, Prime Minister Gordon Brown na Reino Unido, tan arum nin pangulo na gobierno bilang ebat ed krisis ed pinansyal nen 2007-2008.[8]
Saray reperensiya
[dumaen | dumaen so pinanlapuan]- ↑ Yergin & Stanislaw 2002, pp. 39–42.
- ↑ Sloman, John (22 October 2008). "How to kick-start a faltering economy the Keynes way", BBC.
- ↑ Cohn, Steven Mark (2015). Reintroducing Macroeconomics: A Critical Approach. Taylor & Francis. p. 111. ISBN 978-1-317-46120-3. Archived from the original on 22 April 2017. Retrieved 21 April 2017.
- ↑ Davis, William L.; Figgins, Bob; Hedengren, David; Klein, Daniel B. (May 2011). "Economic Professors' Favorite Economic Thinkers, Journals, and Blogs" (PDF). Econ Journal Watch. 8 (2): 126–46. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2017.
- ↑ Skidelsky, Robert (26 October 2010). Keynes: The Return of the Master. Cambridge: Public affairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-897-0.
- ↑ "The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money". Archived from the original on 26 November 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191126172202/http://cas2.umkc.edu/economics/people/facultypages/kregel/courses/econ645/winter2011/generaltheory.pdf. Inala nen 7 May 2021.
- ↑ "To Set the Economy Right". Retrieved on 2023-07-12. Archived from the original on 2013-08-23..
- ↑ Chris Giles. "The undeniable shift to Keynes".